Keefektifan Model Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54065/pelita.6.1.2026.1420Keywords:
Model Kooperatif, Teams Games Tournament, Pemahaman Konsep, Pembelajaran IPAAbstract
Berdasarkan data pretest di SMP Negeri 12 Gresik, sebanyak 58,5% siswa kelas VII masih salah konsep pada materi ekologi dan keanekaragaman hayati karena pembelajaran konvensional kurang melibatkan interaksi. Padahal model TGT terbukti efektif untuk materi IPA, namun belum pernah diterapkan pada materi ekologi dan keanekaragaman hayati di jenjang SMP. Hal ini menjadi gap yang mendorong penelitian ini menyelidiki peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung berupa ceramah dan diskusi kelompok. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental design tipe non-equivalent control group design. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 67 siswa dari dua kelas VII di SMP Negeri 12 Gresik. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes tertulis, observasi, dan angket yang telah diuji validitas serta memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0,791 (KR-20) dan 0,954 (Cronbach’s alpha). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t independen, dan effect size Cohen’s d. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol yaitu 61,9 dan 42,4 secara berturut-turut. Uji-t independen menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,001). Nilai effect size Cohen’s d sebesar 1,10 menunjukkan pengaruh yang tinggi terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi ekologi dan keanekaragaman hayati. Selain itu, keterlaksanaan pembelajaran berada pada kategori sangat baik dan respons siswa menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi siswa lebih tinggi pada kelas eksperimen. Dengan demikian, model TGT efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi ekologi dan keanekaragaman hayati. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh selisih skor posttest 19,5 poin dan effect size tinggi d = 1,10, yang diduga muncul karena unsur game dan turnamen meningkatkan motivasi serta interaksi siswa dibanding pembelajaran ceramah konvensional.
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