Analisis Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis STEM serta Dampaknya terhadap Minat Berkarir di Bidang Sains
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54065/pelita.6.2.2026.1614Keywords:
Pembelajaran IPA, STEM, Persepsi SiswaAbstract
Transformasi teknologi Abad ke-21 menuntut penguasaan literasi STEM sebagai pilar krusial bagi pembangunan talenta nasional, namun pendidikan sains saat ini masih menghadapi tantangan nyata berupa kecemasan akademis (math-anxiety) dan hilangnya potensi talenta (leaky pipeline). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil persepsi siswa terhadap pembelajaran IPA berbasis STEM serta dampaknya terhadap minat berkarir di bidang sains pada jenjang Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mixed methods dengan desain triangulasi konkuren. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket kepada 300 siswa kelas IX di SMP Negeri 1 Wonosegoro menggunakan teknik total sampling, serta wawancara mendalam terhadap 8 siswa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan empat kuadran tipologi. Instrumen penelitian meliputi angket adaptasi STEM Career Interest Survey (STEM-CIS) dan pedoman wawancara semi-terstruktur. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa persepsi siswa terhadap STEM secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori tinggi (96%), dengan rincian capaian komponen: Teknologi (99%), Sains (97%), Rekayasa (95%), dan Matematika (92%). Temuan ini mengindikasikan efikasi diri digital yang kuat, meskipun komponen matematika dan rekayasa menunjukkan skor terendah akibat kendala psikologis. Hasil uji regresi linear sederhana membuktikan adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan persepsi pembelajaran STEM terhadap minat berkarir sains ( ) dengan kontribusi sebesar 32,8%. Data kualitatif mendukung hasil tersebut dan mengungkap bahwa harapan hasil pribadi (outcome expectations) serta kecemasan logika tetap menjadi faktor penghambat bagi sebagian siswa. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perbaikan desain kurikulum melalui penguatan integrasi komponen rekayasa dan matematika yang aplikatif sangat krusial untuk menjaga kontinuitas aspirasi karier sains siswa sejak pendidikan menengah.
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