Transformasi Digital UMKM Di Indonesia Selama Pandemi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54065/jss.3.2.2023.344Keywords:
Transformasi Digital, UMKM, E-Commerce, Pandemi Covid-19Abstract
Transformasi digital merupakan tren baru di Era Industri 4.0 yang mengarah pada pola bisnis baru yang disebut ekonomi digital diperparah dengan krisis akibat pandemi Covid-19. Namun, wajah para pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) Indonesia kendala dalam melakukan proses transformasi bisnis, karena 90% UMKM Indonesia masih dijalankan secara konvensional. Oleh karena itu, Masalah ketidaksiapan sumber daya menjadi latar belakang penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek berikut Pelaku UMKM: (1) prioritas inovasi di masa pandemi Covid-19, (2) penerimaan e-commerce, (3) tingkat adopsi teknologi, (4) tingkat kesulitan dalam mengubah dan beradaptasi dengan teknologi, dan (5) transformasi digital dalam mengembangkan bisnis akibat Covid-19 pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kuantitatif dimana data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada Pelaku UMKM di beberapa kota di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) inovasi pemasaran menjadi prioritas UMKM, (2) mayoritas Pelaku UMKM sangat tanggap terhadap e-commerce tersebut, (3) teknologi digital e-commerce sangat dibutuhkan di UMKM, (4) UMKM pelaku menemukan kesulitan dan hambatan dalam proses adaptasi, dan (5) kombinasi metode pemasaran offline dan online menjadi Pilihan pelaku UMKM sebagai strategi bertahan hidup di masa pandemi Covid-19.
References
Anugrah, R. J. (2020). Efektifitas penerapan strategi online marketing oleh umkm dalam masa pembatasan sosial berskala besar (psbb) corona viruses disease 2019 (covid-19). Jurnal Manajemen Dan Inovasi (MANOVA), 3(2), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.15642/manova.v3i2.302
Argilés-Bosch, J. M., Ravenda, D., & Garcia-Blandón, J. (2021). E-commerce and labour tax avoidance. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 81, 102202.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2020.102202
Asmara, A. Y., & Rahayu, A. Y. S. (2020). Innovation in delivering public health service: practice in banyuwangi regency–Indonesia. Asmara, A. Y, 12-21.
Baase, S. (2008). A gift of fire: Social, legal, and ethical issues for computing and the Internet. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Baldacchino, G., & Bertram, G. (2009). The beak of the finch: insights into the economic development of small economies. The Round Table, 98(401), 141-160. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358530902757867
baston, R. L., Gay, L. S., Baase, W. S., & Matthews, B. W. (2008). Structure of the nucleocapsid-binding domain from the mumps virus polymerase; an example of protein folding induced by crystallization. Journal of molecular biology, 379(4), 719-731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.12.080
Bédard-Maltais, P. O. (2017). Industry 4.0: The New Industrial Revolution: are Canadian Manufacturers Ready?. Business Development Bank of Canada.
Box, S., & Lopez-Gonzalez, J. (2017). The future of technology: Opportunities for ASEAN in the digital economy. Global megatrends: Implications for the ASEAN economic community, 37-60.
CGI. (2017). CGI Voice of Our Clients. Retrieved August 23, 2021, from https://www.cgi.com/en/voice-of-our-clients CIGA. (2018).
Cunningham, L. F., Gerlach, J. H., Harper, M. D., & Young, C. E. (2005). Perceived risk and the consumer buying process: internet airline reservations. International journal of service industry management, 16(4), 357-372. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230510614004
Dhahir, D. F. (2020). The draft strategy of communications in an effort to reduce the digital divide. Jurnal Pikom (Penelitian Komunikasi dan Pembangunan), 20(2), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.31346/jpikom.v20i2.2235
Fardani, A., & Surendro, K. (2011, June). Strategi adopsi teknologi informasi berbasis cloud computing untuk usaha kecil dan menengah di Indonesia. In Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Teknologi Informasi (SNATI).
Fariza, A., Rusydi, I., Hasim, J. A. N., & Basofi, A. (2017, November). Spatial flood risk mapping in east Java, Indonesia, using analytic hierarchy process—Natural breaks classification. In 2017 2nd International conferences on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE) (pp. 406-411). IEEE.
G20 - China 2016. (2016). G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative. Retrieved from http://www.g20chn.org/English/Documents/Current/index.html
Gaffar, V., Rahayu, A., Adi Wibowo, L., & Tjahjono, B. (2021). The Adoption of Circular Economy Principles in the Hotel Industry (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3874443). Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network. Retrieved from Social Science Research Network website: https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3874443
Guo, S., Ding, W., & Lanshina, T. (2017). Digital Economy for Sustainable Economic Growth. International Organisations Research Journal, 12(4), 169-184.
Hamid, A. R. A. H. (2020). Social responsibility of medical journal: a concern for COVID-19 pandemic. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 29(1), 1-3.
Hong, S., Kim, D., Ha, M., Bae, S., Park, S. J., Jung, W., & Kim, J. E. (2010). SNAIL: an IP-based wireless sensor network approach to the internet of things. IEEE Wireless Communications, 17(6), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2010.5675776
Hood, J., Brady, A., & Dhanasri, R. (2016). Industry 4.0 engages customers: The digital manufacturing enterprise powers the customer life cycle. Deloitte Insights, 15.
Husaini, Pirzada, K., Saiful, (2020). Risk Management, Sustainable Governance Impact on Corporate Performance. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 9(3), 993-1004. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2020.9.3(23)
Javaria, K., Masood, O., & Garcia, F. (2020). Strategies to manage the risks faced by consumers in developing e-commerce. Insights into Regional Development, 2(4), 774-783. https://doi.org/10.9770/IRD.2020.2.4(4)
Jong, J. D., & Wennekers, S. (2008). Intrapreneurship; conceptualizing entrepreneurial employee behavior. Scientific analysis of entrepreneurship and SMEs (SCALES). EIM Business and Policy Research.
Kala'lembang, A. (2020). Adopsi E-Commerce Dalam Mendukung Perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Capital: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 4(1), 54-65. https://doi.org/10.25273/capital.v4i1.7358
Khan, M. A., Mehmood, Q., Zakaria, M., & Husnain, M. I. U. (2018). A household level analysis of the Pakistan–Malaysia free trade agreement. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 53(7), 1062-1085.
Koch, V., Kuge, S., Geissbauer, R., & Schrauf, S. (2014). Industry 4.0: Opportunities and challenges of the industrial internet. Strategy & PwC, 5-50.
Kwilinski, A., Vyshnevskyi, O., & Dzwigol, H. (2020). Digitalization of the EU economies and people at risk of poverty or social exclusion. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(7), 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13070142
Lin, J., Li, L., Luo, X. R., & Benitez, J. (2020). How do agribusinesses thrive through complexity? The pivotal role of e-commerce capability and business agility. Decision Support Systems, 135, 113342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2020.113342
Musfiroh, M. F. S., Sabrina, L., & Wuragil, S. (2017). Kontribusi perbankan syariah terhadap perkembangan UMKM di kecamatan Banjarnegara. Manarul Qur'an: Jurnal Ilmiah Studi Islam, 17(1), 136-158. https://doi.org/10.32699/mq.v17i1.928
Narula, R., & Zhan, J. (2019). Using special economic zones to facilitate development: policy implications. Transnational Corporations Journal, 26(2).
Neuman, W. L. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Sosial: Pendekatan Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif (Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, ), Jakarta: PT. Indeks.(Bahasa Inggris, Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Allyn & Bacon (Imprint of Pearson).
OECD. (2017). Going Digital: Making the Transformation Work for Growth and Well-Being. OECD Publishing. (Paris). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/mcm/documents/C-MIN-2017-4%20EN.pdf
Palinggi, S., & Limbongan, E. C. (2020, January). Pengaruh internet terhadap industri ecommerce dan regulasi perlindungan data pribadi pelanggan di indonesia. In Semnas Ristek (Seminar Nasional Riset Dan Inovasi Teknologi) (Vol. 4, No. 1). https://doi.org/10.30998/semnasristek.v4i1.2543
Pirzada, K. (2016). Providers and users’ perception of voluntary need of human resource disclosure: A content analysis. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 14(2). http://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2016.14.2.22
Pirzada, K. (2020). Risk Management, Sustainble Governance Impact On Corporate Performance. Journal of Security & Sustainability Issues, 9(3).
Pirzada, K., Mustapha, M. Z. B., & Wickramasinghe, D. (2015). Firm performance, institutional ownership and capital structure: A case of Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 170-176.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.025
Prasetyo, R. (2020). Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Akselerasi Transformasi Digital Industri Kecil dan Menengah (Local Government Role in the Digital Transformation Acceleration of Small and Medium Industry). JURNAL IPTEKKOM (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Informasi), 22(1), 59-75. https://doi.org/10.33164/iptekkom.22.1.2020.59-75
Rados, T., Simic, S., & Misevic, P. (2019). Digital Transformation The Implementation Process In Thae Case Of The Croation Chamber Of Economy (CCE). Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 311-321.
Saifuddin, M. (2013). Influence of the type of endorser and brand name on the attitude of the top of the ad, attitude of top-brand, and purchase intentions on the product high and low involvement. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, (3), 15.
Saifuddin, M. (2020). A Strategy to increase economic social institutions by utilizing the marketing application based on Android (Case study on business unit Kidpreneuer in the foundation of Al Madina Surabaya). JBT (JURNAL BISNIS dan TEKNOLOGI), 7(1), 16–20.
Saputra, N., & Herlina, M. G. (2021). Double-sided perspective of business resilience: leading SME rationally and irrationally during COVID-19. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Saputra, N, 125-136. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.2(4)
Satya, V. E. (2018). Strategi Indonesia menghadapi industri 4.0. info singkat, 10(9), 19-24.
Shevyakova, A., Munsh, E., Arystan, M., & Petrenko, Y. (2021). Competence development for Industry 4.0: Qualification requirements and solutions. Insights into Regional Development, 3(1), 124-135. https://doi.org/10.9770/IRD.2021.3.1(7)
Slamet, R., Nainggolan, B., Roessobiyatno, R., Ramdani, H., Hendriyanto, A., & Ilma, L. luâ€TMul. (2016). Development strategy of SMEs in the digital era of the free market. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 16(2), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v16i2.319
Submitter, G. A. T. R., & Pestean, V. (2021). Didactic Approaches for a Quality Digital Learning. Journals and Pestean, Valeria, Didactic Approaches for a Quality Digital Learning (September 30, 2021). Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Pestean, 2021, 233-241. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.3(5)
Submitter, G. A. T. R., Gaffar, V., Rahayu, A., Adi Wibowo, L., & Tjahjono, B. (2021). The Adoption of Circular Economy Principles in the Hotel Industry. Journals and Gaffar, Vanessa and Rahayu, Agus and Adi Wibowo, Lili and Tjahjono, Benny, The Adoption of Circular Economy Principles in the Hotel Industry (June 30, 2021). Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Gaffar, V, 92-97. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.6.1(2)
Submitter, G. A. T. R., Yunus, N. M., & Wahob, N. A. (2021). The technology and knowledge spillover effects of FDI on labour productivity. Journals and Yunus, Norhanishah Mohd and Wahob, Noraida Abdul, The Technology and Knowledge Spillover Effects of FDI on Labour Productivity (March 31, 2021). Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Yunus, NM, 51-58. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.5.4(5)
Sugiyono. (2012). Research Method Combination (Mixed M ethods). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suhaili, M., & Sugiharsono, S. (2019). Role of MSME in Absorbing Labor and Contribution to GDP. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 8(3), 301-315. https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v8i3.35229
Suryani, A., Pirzada, K., & Mufidah, . (2018). Analysis of opportunistic behavior of management to company performance. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(1), 379-388. http://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.18.1.28
Tambunan, T. (2019). Recent evidence of the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1), 18.
Teh, S. S., & Kee, D. M. H. (2019). The readiness of small and medium enterprises for the industrial revolution 4.0. Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 7(4), 217-223.
Victor, V., Fekete Farkas, M., & Lakner, Z. (2019). Consumer attitude and reaction towards personalised pricing in the E-commerce sector. Victor, V, 140-148.
Vineles, P. (2017). ASEAN connectivity: Challenge for an integrated ASEAN community.
Wahyuni, F., & Aprilia, M. P. (2019, February). The process of innovation adoption by the use of e-commerce marketing application: Case Study on Indonesia Small Medium Enterprise Community. In 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS) (pp. 751-756). IEEE.
Webster, C. (1995). Marketing culture and marketing effectiveness in service firms. Journal of Services Marketing, 9(2), 6-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876049510085973
Wijoyo, H., & Widiyanti, W. (2020, November). Digitalisasi Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (Umkm) Di Era Pandemi COVID-19. In Seminar Nasional Kahuripan (pp. 10-13).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Syamsu Alam, Widya Putri Ramadhani, Patmaniar Patmaniar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License and Copyright Agreement
- Authors retain copyright and other proprietary rights related to the article.
- Authors retain the right and are permitted to use the substance of the article in their own future works, including lectures and books.
- Authors grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post or self-archive their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
