Circular Economy dan Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai Pilar Keberlanjutan: Strategi Inovatif untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja UMKM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54065/jss.5.1.2025.784Keywords:
Circular Economy, Corporate Social Responsibility, UMKM,, Keberlanjutan, Strategi BisnisAbstract
Urgensi penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi model bisnis inovatif yang relevan bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menghadapi tantangan era ekonomi hijau dan digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis integrasi antara Circular Economy (CE) dan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) sebagai strategi inovatif guna meningkatkan kinerja keberlanjutan UMKM. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis protokol PRISMA. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pencarian literatur secara sistematis pada tiga basis data ilmiah utama, yaitu Scopus, Web of Science, dan ScienceDirect, dengan rentang tahun publikasi antara 2019 hingga 2025. Kriteria literatur yang digunakan mengacu pada dua syarat utama, yaitu artikel yang telah melalui proses peer-review dan membahas integrasi antara CE dan CSR dalam konteks UMKM secara eksplisit. Artikel yang tidak sesuai dengan tema, bersifat non-ilmiah, atau merupakan duplikasi dikeluarkan dari analisis. Proses analisis data dilakukan secara tematik dengan menggunakan pendekatan pengkodean isi berbasis kualitatif (content-based coding). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi CE dan CSR memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap tiga dimensi utama keberlanjutan, yaitu aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Penerapan CE mampu meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan mengurangi limbah produksi. Penerapan CSR memperkuat legitimasi sosial, mendorong keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan, dan meningkatkan reputasi bisnis UMKM. Sejumlah tantangan implementasi berhasil diidentifikasi, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, rendahnya literasi digital yang berorientasi lingkungan, serta belum adanya indikator keberlanjutan yang terstandarisasi. Upaya mengatasi hambatan tersebut memerlukan kebijakan strategis dari pemerintah, pelatihan berkelanjutan, dan kerja sama lintas sektor antara lembaga pemerintah, institusi akademik, serta pelaku industri. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dalam memperluas pemahaman terhadap kerangka kerja integratif CE dan CSR pada UMKM, serta menyajikan implikasi praktis bagi pemangku kepentingan dalam perumusan strategi bisnis yang berorientasi pada keberlanjutan. Integrasi CE dan CSR layak diposisikan sebagai fondasi strategis untuk menjawab tantangan global dan meningkatkan daya saing jangka panjang UMKM, bukan semata sebagai bentuk kepatuhan terhadap regulasi.
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