Consumption of Green and Black Tea: Potential Defenders Against Influenza: A Meta-Analytical Study

Abstract

Introduction: Influenza is a significant global health challenge, impacting morbidity and mortality annually. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, influenza surveillance became pivotal for early detection. Tea catechins, present in both green and black teas, have garnered attention for their potential health benefits, including antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. Methods: This meta-analysis integrated data from randomized controlled trials and cohort studies to assess the effects of tea catechins on influenza prevention. Studies published between 2007 and 2020 were sourced from Google Scholar and PubMed, focusing on interventions such as tea consumption and capsule intake. Results: Meta-analysis revealed a significant protective effect of tea catechins against influenza, with an observed Odds Ratio (OR) of 0.60, indicating a 40% reduction in influenza risk associated with catechin consumption. Low heterogeneity (I² = 18.5%) across studies supports the consistency of these effects. Tea catechins show promise in mitigating influenza due to their consistent efficacy across diverse studies. Future research should refine optimal dosages and explore synergies with vaccination strategies, emphasizing the need for broader population studies and long-term follow-ups. Conclusion: Regular consumption of green and black tea catechins offers a potential complementary approach to influenza prevention. Future research should focus on optimizing tea catechin use to enhance our ability to combat infectious diseases.